![]() Though less common, a bottom-blown basic oxygen furnace is equipped with 15-20 tuyeres for injection of oxygen or lime powder containing oxygen, where the tuyeres are cooled by either hydrocarbon gas or oil. A top-blown basic oxygen furnace is equipped with the water-cooled oxygen lance for blowing oxygen into the pig iron through 4-6 nozzles. BOFs typically contain conventional top-blown furnaces, bottom-blown furnaces or various mixed blowing configurations. The pig iron (aka hot metal), produced from the Blast Furnace (BF), is transported to the BOF for a final stage in the crude steelmaking process. The process is known as basic because fluxes of burnt lime or dolomite, which are chemical bases, are added to promote the removal of impurities and protect the lining of the converter. Oxygen (>99.5 pure) is blown into the BOF at. These are charged into the Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF) vessel. The primary raw materials for the BOP are 70-80 liquid hot metal from the blast furnace and the steel scrap need to be balanced. Blowing oxygen through molten pig iron lowers the carbon content of the alloy and changes it into low-carbon steel. The Basic Oxygen Steelmaking process differs from the EAF is that BOF is self-sufficient in energy. 2343-2353.Global Steel Plant Tracker, a project of Global Energy Monitor.īasic oxygen steelmaking ( BOF, BOS, BOP, or OSM), also known as Linz–Donawitz-steelmaking or the oxygen converter process is a method of primary steelmaking in which carbon-rich molten pig iron (aka hot metal) is made into steel. Zhang, AISTech Iron and Steel Technology Conference Proceedings, 2005, pp 257–68.ģ8. Riboud: BOF Steelmaking, Iron and Steel Society, 1975, vol. Riboud: Metallurgical Transactions B, 1977, vol. Sichel: Journal of Fluid Mechanics 1969, vol. Rhamdhani: AISTech - Iron and Steel Technology Conference Proceedings, 2016, vol. Boom: Fundamentals of Steelmaking Metallurgy, Prentice Hall, Hertfordshire,1993, pp. Rhamdhani: AISTech - Iron and Steel Technology Conference Proceedings, 2015, vol. Malmberg: Imphos: Improving Phosphorus Refining, European Union, Luxembourg, 2011.ġ9. Kitamura: Steel Research International 2010, vol. Rhamdhani: Asia Steel, Yokohama, Japan, 2015.ġ4. Cheng: International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy, and Materials 2010, vol. Bradley: Iron Steel Technol., April 2014, pp. Sormann: Steel Research International 2014, vol. Kim: AISTech- Iron and Steel Technology Conference Proceedings, 2014, vol 1, pp. Kapilashrami: Steel Research International, 2010, vol. Molten Slags Fluxes Salts, The South African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, 2004, pp. Molten Slags Fluxes, ISIJ, Tokyo, 1992, pp. Number of classes in the droplet size spectrum eq: Thermal conductivity of slag (W/m K) cav: Thermal conductivity of liquid metal (W/m K) λ s ![]() ![]() The post-combustion ratio was found to be an important factor in controlling Fe tO content in the slag and the kinetics of Mn and P in a BOF process.Ĭoncentration of jth component in metal, j = Si, C, Mn, and P (wt pct) C jiĬoncentration of jth component on the reaction interface (wt pct) \( C_ \) The model was applied to a 200-ton top blowing converter and the simulated value of metal and slag was found to be in good agreement with the measured data. Description Estimated time: 0.50 hours The purpose of the Basic Oxygen Steelmaking (BOS) process is to refine the hot metal produced in the blast furnace. The effect of post-combustion on the evolution of slag and metal composition was investigated. A dynamic Fe tO generation model based on oxygen mass balance was developed and coupled with the multi-zone kinetic model. In the macro-kinetics calculation, a droplet generation model was employed and the total amount of refining by emulsion was calculated by summing the refining from the entire population of returning droplets. The mathematical models for the size distribution of initial droplets, kinetics of simultaneous refining of elements, the residence time in the emulsion, and dynamic interfacial area change were established in the micro-kinetic model. The micro-kinetics involves developing the rate equation for individual droplets in the emulsion. A micro and macroscopic rate calculation methodology (micro-kinetics and macro-kinetics) were developed to estimate the total refining contributed by the recirculating metal droplets through the slag–metal emulsion zone. In the rate equations, the transient rate parameters were mathematically described as a function of process variables. The three reaction zones (i) jet impact zone, (ii) slag–bulk metal zone, (iii) slag–metal–gas emulsion zone were considered for the calculation of overall refining kinetics. A multi-zone kinetic model coupled with a dynamic slag generation model was developed for the simulation of hot metal and slag composition during the basic oxygen furnace (BOF) operation. ![]()
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |